What Is the Inequalities?(With Examples)

An inequality is a mathematical statement that compares two expressions using symbols like < (less than), > (greater than), ≤ (less than or equal to), or ≥ (greater than or equal to). Unlike equations which have one solution, inequalities often have a range of solutions.

Grades 7-8Key Stage 3-4Årskurs 8-9Klasse 7-8

📖Definition

An inequality is a mathematical statement that compares two expressions using symbols like < (less than), > (greater than), ≤ (less than or equal to), or ≥ (greater than or equal to). Unlike equations which have one solution, inequalities often have a range of solutions.

📐Formula

Symbols: < (less than), > (greater than), ≤ (less than or equal), ≥ (greater than or equal)

x > 5 means x can be any number greater than 5. x ≤ 3 means x can be 3 or any number less than 3. The solution is usually shown on a number line or in interval notation.

📝Step-by-Step Guide

1

Isolate the Variable

Use the same steps as solving equations: add, subtract, multiply, or divide both sides.

2

Flip the Sign When Multiplying/Dividing by Negative

When you multiply or divide both sides by a negative number, reverse the inequality sign.

-2x > 6 → x < -3
3

Graph on a Number Line

Open circle (○) for < or >, closed circle (●) for ≤ or ≥. Shade the direction of solutions.

4

Write in Interval Notation

Use parentheses for < or > and brackets for ≤ or ≥.

x > 3 → (3, ∞); x ≤ 5 → (-∞, 5]

⚠️Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Forgetting to flip the inequality sign when dividing by a negative
  • Using a closed circle when it should be open (or vice versa)
  • Confusing < with >
  • Not checking the solution with test values
  • Incorrectly combining compound inequalities

✏️Practice Problems

Easy

Solve x + 4 > 7

Answer: x > 3

Medium

Solve -3x ≤ 12

💡 Hint: Remember to flip the sign when dividing by -3

Answer: x ≥ -4

Hard

Solve 2(x - 1) < 3x + 5

Answer: x > -7

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Worked Examples

Curriculum Alignment

CommonCore (7.EE.B.4b)KS3KMK