Pythagorean Theorem Example

Grade 8Key Stage 3-4Årskurs 8-9

Problem

A right triangle has one leg of 5 cm and a hypotenuse of 13 cm. Find the other leg.

📝Step-by-Step Solution

1

Write the Pythagorean theorem

The Pythagorean theorem states: a² + b² = c², where c is the hypotenuse (longest side).

a² + b² = c²
2

Identify what we know

One leg a = 5, hypotenuse c = 13. We need to find leg b.

a = 5, c = 13, b = ?
3

Substitute into the formula

Plug in the known values: 5² + b² = 13²

5² + b² = 13²
4

Calculate the squares

25 + b² = 169

25 + b² = 169
5

Isolate b²

Subtract 25 from both sides: b² = 169 - 25 = 144

b² = 144
6

Take the square root

b = √144 = 12

b = 12 cm

Final Answer

The other leg is 12 cm

This is a 5-12-13 Pythagorean triple! Common Pythagorean triples to memorize: 3-4-5, 5-12-13, 8-15-17, 7-24-25. When finding a leg (not hypotenuse), rearrange to: leg² = hypotenuse² - other leg².

Ready to Practice Pythagorean Theorem?

Generate a personalized practice test with MathQuizily. Get instant PDF downloads with answer keys.

📖More Pythagorean Theorem Examples

Back to Pythagorean Theorem Guide